Improvement in sewing-machines



F. E. MARBLE.

y Sewing Machine.`

No. 33,439. Patented Get. 8, 1861.

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UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

' F. E. MARBLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 33,439, dated October8, 1861.

ilo all whom it may concern: i

Beit known that I, F. E. MARBLE, of New York, inthe county of New Yorkand State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement onSingle or Double Thread Sewing-Machines; and I do hereby declare thatthe following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, whichform part ot' this speciiicatio'n, is such a full and clear descriptionas to enable others skilled'in the art to which this my improvementrelates to make and use the latter.

My present improvement'is restricted to that class of single or doublethread 'sewing-machines in which a crochet or chain or other kind ofstitch is formed by the combined action of an eye-pointed needle andrevolving or rotary hook or ooper, and more particularly relates in suchcombination to a revolving hook or looper, always traveling in the samedirection when operating, for the formation of said stitch, and in whichthe one loop is,passed through its predecessor while bth loops are onthe hook or looper, and the interlaced or-castoff loop is drawn upv ortightened by the action of the hook on the succeeding loop; also, inwhich cach loop is or may be twisted to open or spread. it and'tostrengthen the stitch after passing the cloth to be sewed and beforetaking a fresh loop. Such an arrangement is shown and described inLetters Patent of the United States granted-to James E. A. Gibbs on the2d of June, 1851, reissued My present invention, however, is animprovement upon such combination of an eye-pointed needle and revolvinghook or looper, and essentially differs therefrom in a most importantrespect. lhus in the Gibbs combination, as referred to, the loop afterit slipsoif the hook is caused to lodge in an angular recess, and isafterward twisted by a spur or cast-off arranged in relation to the hookand angular recess, so that the loop is spread for the noseiof the hookto pass through on taking a fresh loop from the needle, the precedingloop lying'in a concave portion of the hook, while the fresh one isentered by its nose, and immediately afterward the old loop is cast olffrom all connection with the hook, and in a large, or loose form, to besubsequently drawn tight by the opening of the new' loop. This actionexposes the oid loop,

after it has been cast off and before' being drawn up or tight, to twistand kink, or it may by the rapid action of the hook be thrown intoitspath and become entangled therewith. In either case the thread willbreak, and thus cause imperfections in the seam, which are thestarting-points for its raveling.

.lo remedy this great defect is the object of my improvement, whichconsists in an attachment to the hook ofagradual let-off, that causesthe looper to retain possession ofthe old loop one revolution orthereabout or more from the tirst entry of the hook, and till said oldloop is fully, or nearly so, drawn up or tight against the cloth bytheaction of the hoo'k and needle on the new loop, and which retainerof theold loop, moreover, exercises a tension on the latter, in accordancewith the action on it, through the new loop of the hook or looper, asaforesaid. Accordingly itwill be seen that by this my improvement theold loop, not `being left free, cannot kink or become entangled ordisarranged while being drawn up.

To more minutely describe this my improvement, I now refer to theaccompanying drawings, and which, taken in connection with what hasherein already been said, and compared with the Gibbs combination," asreferred to, upon which my invention is an improvement, needs but alshort description to explain it.

In said drawings, Figure l represents a front View ofa single-threadchain-stitch sewing-machine with ;revolving hook or looper and myimprovement applied to the latter; :and Figs.

2,' 3, 4, 5, and 6, views or diagrams in illust-ra' tion of the actionof the hook or looper, with its let-off attachment, at different stagesin the formation of the stitch and in it-s changing' positionsrelatively to the needle.

The general construction and action of the machine is or may be similar'to that shown in the Gibbs patent before referred to, or of any othersuitable single or double thread chain-stitch sewing-machine. Suchtherefore, including the action of its feeding mechanism, whichcomprisesthe dog a and presser b, holding the cloth in between them on the tablec,

and the thread-tension devices, and other ordinary features, require nodescription here;

but, in this connection, it will sniiice to say A represents thereciprocating eye-pointed needle, which kin its descent carries thethread d through the cloth and below the table for the revolvinghook orlooper B to catch and act upon it, as already generally described. ThehookB is not only formed with a looptwisting spur, e, but is alsoprovided at its back with an attachment or extension, C. that may have alip,f, lat its extreme end, and which attachment or extensionconstitutes the tension let-oli" or retainer I have before specified asmy improvement. Said let-oli' or retainer is formed by a swell on theback of the hook, extending from the nose ot' the hook for 'the fourthof a circle (more or less) in the rear of its path, and joined at itsback to the base of the hook or near the base ot' the latter by a curvedor straight line, g, at the outward ex tremity of which is the lipf.

The opera-tionis substantially as follows: As the needle A commences itsretraction the nose ofthe hook B enters the new loop brought down by theneedle, which is the position shown for the hook in Fig. 2 of thedrawings. The old or former loop r-having been previously spread out oropened, as will be hereinafter explained, the hook next advances to theposition shown for it in Fig.3,carryingthc new loop s through the oldone, which latter still remains on the looper or on the inner portionot' the back ot' the let-ott' C, at or near the base of the hook. rlhehook then advances to the position shown in Fig. 4, when the old loophas slid considerably outward along the back g of the let-ott, whichkeeps said loop in its proper position and at a slight tension duringthe drawing of it up by the action of the hook on the new loop. Saidhook next moves to its position illustrated in Fig. 5, when the old loophas slid farther outward and so as to or turned it, and spread or heldit open for its passage in the further movement of the hook to theposition of the old loop r in Fig. 2, to be acted upon by the tensionlet-off or retainer l, as was described for the old loop, and for thecontinuance or establishment of a series of chain-stitches.

Having now described my improvement, I

shall state my claim as follows:

In a combination ot' an eyepointed `needle and revolving hook or looper,used either in a single or double thread sewing-machine, providing saidhook or looper with a loop-retainer as that it holds onto and controlsthe loop till it is drawn up by the action ot' the hook or needle, orboth hook and needle, essentially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereofI have signed my name to this specification beforetwo subscribing witnesses.

.F. E. MARBLE.

Witnesses:

GHAs. H. WILLcoX, E. P. HATCH.

` or tension let-ott' so constructed and applied

